Domain Name System
The Domain Name System (DNS) is the crucial glue that keeps computer networks in harmony by converting human-friendly hostnames to the numerical IP addresses computers require to communicate with each other. DNS is one of the largest and most important distributed databases the world depends on by serving billions of DNS requests daily for public IP addresses. Most public DNS servers today are run by larger ISPs and commercial companies but private DNS servers can also be useful for private home networks. This article will exploTo Check IP
[root@www Desktop]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:84:6D:8C
inet addr:10.90.12.1 Bcast:10.90.12.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe84:6d8c/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:6624 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1474 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:442710 (432.3 KiB) TX bytes:1901220 (1.8 MiB)
Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:84:6D:96
inet addr:10.23.151.66 Bcast:10.23.159.255 Mask:255.255.224.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe84:6d96/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:13927 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:7518 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:9215651 (8.7 MiB) TX bytes:948169 (925.9 KiB)
Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2080
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:480 (480.0 b) TX bytes:480 (480.0 b)
To Set DNS Server IP
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
EVICE=eth0
HWADDR=00:0c:29:84:6d:8c
NM_CONTROLLED=no
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=10.90.12.1
BOOTPROTO=none
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
DNS=10.90.12.1
TYPE=Ethernet
IPV6INIT=no
USERCTL=no
save :wq
To Set Host Name
[root@station Desktop]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=station.example.com
save :wq
[root@station Desktop]# vim /etc/hosts
0.90.12.1 station.example.com station
save :wq
[root@station Desktop]# vim /etc/resolv.conf
search station.example.com
nameserver 10.90.12.1
save :wq
[root@station Desktop]# hostname station.example.com
[root@station Desktop]# hostname
station.example.com
To Install Package
[root@station Desktop]# yum install bind*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Repository 'yum' is missing name in configuration, using id
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Setting up Install Process
Package 32:bind-utils-9.7.3-8.P3.el6.i686 already installed and latest version
Package 32:bind-libs-9.7.3-8.P3.el6.i686 already installed and latest version
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package bind.i686 32:9.7.3-8.P3.el6 will be installed
---> Package bind-chroot.i686 32:9.7.3-8.P3.el6 will be installed
---> Package bind-dyndb-ldap.i686 0:0.2.0-7.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
bind i686 32:9.7.3-8.P3.el6 yum 3.9 M
bind-chroot i686 32:9.7.3-8.P3.el6 yum 67 k
bind-dyndb-ldap i686 0.2.0-7.el6 yum 49 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 3 Package(s)
Total download size: 4.0 M
Installed size: 7.1 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/3): bind-9.7.3-8.P3.el6.i686.rpm | 3.9 MB 00:00
(2/3): bind-chroot-9.7.3-8.P3.el6.i686.rpm | 67 kB 00:00
(3/3): bind-dyndb-ldap-0.2.0-7.el6.i686.rpm | 49 kB 00:00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 20 MB/s | 4.0 MB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
Installing : 32:bind-9.7.3-8.P3.el6.i686 1/3
Installing : 32:bind-chroot-9.7.3-8.P3.el6.i686 2/3
Installing : bind-dyndb-ldap-0.2.0-7.el6.i686 3/3
Installed:
bind.i686 32:9.7.3-8.P3.el6 bind-chroot.i686 32:9.7.3-8.P3.el6
bind-dyndb-ldap.i686 0:0.2.0-7.el6
Complete!
[root@station Desktop]#
To Copy named.conf file
[root@station Desktop]# cp /etc/named.conf /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf
To Change directory
cd /var/named/chroot/etc/
To edit configuration file
[root@station etc]#vim named.conf
options {
directory "/var/named";
};
zone "example.com" IN {
type master;
file "for.zone";
};
zone "12.90.10.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "rev.zone";
};
save :wq
To Change Group Name
[root@station etc]# chgrp named named.conf
To Copy File same Location
[root@station etc]# cp /var/named/named.localhost /var/named/chroot/var/named/for.zone
[root@station etc]# cp /var/named/named.loopback /var/named/chroot/var/named/rev.zone
To change directory
[root@station etc]# cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/
To edit configuration file
[root@station named]# vim for.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA example.com. root.example.com. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
@ IN NS station.example.com.
station IN A 10.90.12.1
save :wq
To edit configuration file
[root@station named]# vim rev.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA example.com. root.example.com. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
@ IN NS station.example.com.
1 IN PTR station.example.com.
save :wq
To Change Group Name
[root@station named]# chgrp named for.zone
[root@station named]# chgrp named rev.zone
[root@station named]# ll
total 8
-rw-r-----. 1 root named 190 Jun 1 19:12 for.zone
-rw-r-----. 1 root named 196 Jun 1 19:15 rev.zone
[root@station named]#
To Restart Service & On
[root@station named]# service named restart
Stopping named: [ ok ]
Starting named: [ ok ]
[root@station named]# chkconfig named on
To Check Named Server
[root@station named]# dig 10.90.12.1
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3-P3-RedHat-9.7.3-8.P3.el6 <<>> 10.90.12.1
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 23819
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;10.90.12.1. IN A
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
. 10800 IN SOA a.root-servers.net. nstld.verisign-grs.com. 2012060501 1800 900 604800 86400
;; Query time: 193 msec
;; SERVER: 113.193.1.14#53(113.193.1.14)
;; WHEN: Fri Jun 1 19:17:27 2012
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 103
[root@station named]# dig station.example.com
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3-P3-RedHat-9.7.3-8.P3.el6 <<>> station.example.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 24133
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;station.example.com. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
station.example.com. 86400 IN A 10.90.12.1
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
example.com. 86400 IN NS station.example.com.
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 10.90.12.1#53(10.90.12.1)
;; WHEN: Fri Jun 1 19:17:47 2012
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 67
[root@station named]#
Client end Setting
[admin@station1]$vim /etc/resolve.conf
search station.example.com
nameserver 10.90.12.1
Save :wq
[admin@station1]$ dig station.example.com
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3-P3-RedHat-9.7.3-8.P3.el6 <<>> station.example.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 24133
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;station.example.com. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
station.example.com. 86400 IN A 10.90.12.1
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
example.com. 86400 IN NS station.example.com.
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 10.90.12.1#53(10.90.12.1)
;; WHEN: Fri Jun 1 19:17:47 2012
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 67
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